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Juno's Adoption Costs
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In this weeklong series highlighting Oscar’s Best Picture nominees, MainStreet will use each nominated movie to illustrate a different personal finance topic. For Juno, it’s what you can (financially) expect when you’re expecting…to go through the adoption process.
In the film, the Lorings, a caring couple played by Jason Bateman and Jennifer Garner, pay Juno’s medical expenses. But in real life, the process of adopting a baby in the United States is a lot less scripted. Every state has different laws and policies regarding adoption. (To see how your state treats adoptions, click here.)
Total costs vary. According to a study conducted by AdoptiveFamilies.com, more than half of domestic adoptions cost $15,000 or less, not including tax credits. The same study, however, reported that 16% of adoptive parents pay $25,000 or more for all domestic adoption expenses which include travel costs, legal fees, and a potential stipend for the birth mother during her pregnancy.
Because she lived in Minnesota, Juno would not have to deal with any dollar limit on how much the adoptive parents could pay, but there is that state statute that sets forth what expenses are and aren’t acceptable. Attorney fees and reasonable living expenses are OK. But adoptive parents are not allowed to pay for lost wages, vacations, or permanent housing and they must disclose all payments to the court. Seven other states in addition to Minnesota specify expenses that adoptive parents permitted to pay, including Illinois, Kentucky, Michigan, Montana, New Hampshire, North Dakota and Wisconsin.
Labor and delivery is either covered by insurance or state assistance, and then the remainder is billed to the adoptive parents. Once the baby is born, it is immediately placed on the adoptive parents’ insurance. Birth mothers can look to the adoptive parents to pay for what’s not covered by insurance. “A lot of time if the mom isn’t covered she might be eligible for state aid,” says Denise Perry, a legal adoption expert from Minneapolis, Minnesota. “Anything not covered by that she can ask the adoptive parents for reimbursement and most are willing to pay that.”
Most of us don’t relish discussing insurance, let alone coughing up money for premiums. But having proper insurance protection is one of the smartest first moves you can make as an expectant parent.
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